What does the allowable error between the nominal resistance value and the resistance value mean?

As a user of chip resistors, when you need a 50kΩ chip resistor in the circuit design and production process, please consider whether you really need to deliberately seek a resistor of exactly 50kΩ, because It is difficult to buy 50kΩ resistors on the market. In fact, in most cases, replacing this 50kΩ resistor with a 51kΩ resistor may not affect the performance of the circuit. Otherwise, if you insist on buying a 50kΩ resistor and get it through a special order, the circuit cost will be greatly increased because of this resistor. It's like you are going to buy a 171cm piece of clothing. The operator recommends 170cm clothing to you. In fact, if you wear this 170cm clothing on your body, you can hardly understand the length between 170cm and 171cm. difference. Therefore, whether you are buying clothes, electronic components, or other commodities, you should follow standardized specifications.

The same phenomenon will also appear in production occasions. When the producer makes an 800Ω resistor, maybe he will print the 820Ω logo without hesitation. Because the real resistance value of 800Ω is within the allowable error range of ±5% or ±10% of the 820Ω identification resistance value. The result of this is to reduce the rejection rate and production cost without affecting or even facilitating the use of users. This kind of tacit understanding between producers and users is achieved through standardized work.

The standardized resistance value is printed on the surface of the resistor, and the marked resistance value is called the nominal resistance value. The deviation between the nominal resistance value and the true resistance value of the identified resistor is called the (actual) error of the resistance value. Obviously, the size of the error between the nominal resistance value and the real resistance value should have a limit. This limit is called the allowable error of the nominal resistance value, which can also be called the accuracy of the resistance value, or the allowable error and tolerance of the nominal resistance value.

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