5uf capacitor

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As IEC 62368 replaces earlier safety standards for televisions and IT equipment, Power Integrations is certifying its X capacitor discharge IC for the new standard.

The X capacitor controls the conducted emission of the device and directly bridges the incoming main power source-meaning that even if the device is turned off, the residual charge in it may cause electric shock to the person touching the input terminal-including a plug that is not plugged into the power source.

In order to prevent this kind of electric shock, many capacitors must use some kind of discharge equipment, these capacitors will not be automatically discharged by subsequent circuits.

Resistors are an option, but resistors will always waste power when the device is powered on.

Power Integration's answer is its CAPZero series of ICs-self-powered two-end devices, which are connected in series with a discharge resistor. When the input power is cut off, they will automatically connect the discharge resistor, and when the power is turned on, they will disconnect the resistor to a large extent.

The maximum power supply current is 21.7uA-about 5mW from 230V power supply.

"Once the new standard reaches the mandatory stage, the mains electrical equipment must pass the IEC 62368 certification. CAPZero IC has passed the new standard certification, which can provide a solution to eliminate the discharge resistance loss, while only requiring minimal changes to the system or PCB layout. Edward Ong, Product Marketing Manager of Power Integrations, said that this approach allows engineers the flexibility to optimize no-load power consumption, power factor and EMI, and meet the latest safety regulations.

These ICs are packaged in SO-8 and can be used before or after the system input fuse because they essentially comply with all international safety standards for open circuit and short circuit fault testing. The device is suitable for all AC-DC converters with X capacitors and provides 825 or 1,000V integrated MOSFETs. Provide 5uF up to 1s discharge version.

It is expected to be applied to PCs, servers, workstations, monitors, TVs, printers, laptops, home appliances and low-vampire power adapters that need to comply with the ErP Lot 6 standard.

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What happens during a power failure? Can still handle the increasing supply

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Dragging classified ads or sites such as Craigslist to get interesting hardware is a pastime for many hackers. At least you can find deals on used tools and equipment. However, if you are lucky, you may stumble upon something very special.

what is the problem

. Contained in a series of gears that may have once belonged to the mute button, the device is a custom solid-state computer that seems to have been assembled in the early 1960s. It has a large transparent window, which is completely different from the windows on modern gaming computers, and its bracket can tilt it back at an angle of about 45°. Obviously it is designed for display. Maybe this is a teaching aid or even an entry for a science competition.

After some digging, it seems that the design of TRANSBINIAC is based on the plan of "Electronic Illustration" published in January 1960. Although there are some significant differences. The computer uses eight bistable flip modules instead of the original six, eliminates the multiplication circuit, and uses some simplified wiring methods. The people who built this machine knew exactly what they were doing, and it was really talking about it at the time. This truly unique machine is probably one of the first privately owned digital computers in the world.

This is why we are so happy to see [John] trying to restore the device to its previous glory. Naturally, this is a bit tricky because the computer has no documentation and its design does not exactly match anything there. However, with the help of other Hackaday.io users, he hopes to figure out all the problems. It sounds like the first step is to try to diagnose 2N554 germanium transistor flip-flop modules, because they seem to behave abnormally. If you have experience using such hardware, please feel free to join.

We are incredibly proud of so many early computer examples (and people who are fascinated by them) that they have recently found their way to Hackaday.io. They are actually

with

For future generations to learn. If it’s not a machine from the 1960s, such as TRANSBINIAC or

, Hackaday may not even exist. It seems that the least we can do is to give back favors and make sure they are not forgotten.

[Thanks Yann for the tip. ]

I remember reading the "Electronic Illustrated" article. The computer is essentially a binary counter driven by telephone dialing, but I have learned a lot from reading this article. I learned about flip-flops and two's complement algorithms. I no longer own the magazine, but I was very impressed with computers, so I decided to look for it 50 years after the article was published. I finally asked if anyone remembered this computer in an online forum and someone pointed me to an online EI. Therefore, this article is easy to find.

Do you mind sharing the link or at least the article title? Thank you

For a link to this article, see Dave Everett's comment below. The title of the article is "Build a Electronic Computer" by Ronald Benrey.

A real 8-bit computer.

I suggest you check every carbon component resistor and paper capacitor. Really, all capacitors. Carbon compensation resistors often change in value over time, sometimes many, exceeding 50%. But the worst problem is always capacitors. Paper caps and early metallized polymer caps will leak and shift, and electrolytic caps will dry out and become non-capacitors. I have seen 100uF capacitors over 10 years become <5uF, or just open circuit. Unless the power supply hits the trigger in the surge, I bet the transistor is ok. However, they can be easily checked using an electric meter, a few resistors and a small power supply. Check online.

Nice equipment! have fun!

By the way, if you are not familiar with prehistoric electronic products, carbon resistors are resistors with the appearance of dark brown bakelite, and their flat ends form an acute angle of 90 degrees with the lead, which is gradually reduced from modern through-hole resistors. The small taper differs in body and clues. I think(?) Those red and black body covers are paper parts. Make sure to check them for leaks. My experience shows that this is their most common failure mode. I have seen that many resistors actually become 1K or less.

If you are keen to keep the old look, I believe that certain guitar amplifiers and vacuum tube high-fidelity sound parts sellers will still sell this type of parts. However, modern through-hole parts are of extremely high quality and are inexpensive.

Someone installs old metal cans and waxed paper capacitors inside to install modern electrolytic, tantalum or other types of capacitors inside.

Before separating them, you need to understand the toxic chemical compounds in the old components. There was no ROHS at that time.

In the (Dutch) Navy, we call these resistors Allen Bradley resistors.

Good HF characteristics, but will fail a lot because they will absorb water, which will never happen on naval ships :-).

There is actually a glass tube containing compressed toner.

In fact, there is no need to keep them in this device, but searching for Allen Bradley can get a lot of success in the wifi online store.

Real Allen Bradley carbon compensation resistors can indeed drift, but they are almost the most stable resistors (other resistors are IRC, CTS, Ohmite, etc.-not much!). If this small object remains relatively dry, all resistors may still be within specifications, or at least close enough that no changes are required. I have always been able to get AB carbon compensation, and I would say that 80% to 90% is still under specification. Usually those are not so remote.

From the picture, they look like Allen Bradleys, but there are not enough details to say.

Likewise, at these low transistor voltages, the capacitors may not actually need to be replaced. Any leakage may not matter, and the risk of a fatal short circuit is greatly reduced.

I have tried to test old germanium transistors with one of those Fleabay clone AVR transistor testers. I found that a lot of them are mostly bad batteries, or these new devices are not equipped or programmed to test old germanium transistors. Actually I am not sure, but I suspect it is the latter.

Oh yes. Germanium transistors have considerable leakage current. In addition, Vbe is about 0.15 V, not about 0.6 V. The polarity is mainly PNP. The difference does not stop there.

Since the 1970s, germanium transistors have been eliminated. I don’t know if anyone is still producing them, unlike vacuum tubes.

You can find the "Electronic Illustration" problem here:

See page 26 of the magazine

"This unusual horn antenna designed by Bell Telephone Laboratories engineers will be used in experimental ground stations to explore the possibility of sending telephone calls and live TV to distant places in the world."

Isn't it the antenna that led Wison and Penseas to discover the cosmic background radiation?

After they figured out how to stop the pigeons from being cooked and sprinkled into small pieces, it was all right.

"Microwave hazards" on page 82/83, or how to try cooking mice, mice, rabbits, chickens and even beagles using radar beams!

The frequency they talk about is 24,000 mc. What unit is this

mc stands for megacycle, which is the term used before choosing Hertz as the standard.

"Mc stands for megacycle and is the term used before Hertz was selected as the standard."

I think it represents the frequency of "rat cooking". It can cook 24,000 mice per minute.

indeed!

It has been found that there is a direct linear relationship between the frequency and the rate (time period) of the timed mice, therefore, there is a linear relationship between the cooking frequency units of the mc mice.

It was later discovered that human exposure to these higher frequencies would cause pain, so it was changed to Hertz.

Or the one that inspired the invention of the microwave oven?

IIRC, Raytheon, had commercial uwave ovens as early as the 1950s.

Therefore, uwave can predate magazine articles many years.

Oh, shoot! This article says they introduced it in 1946!

Thanks for the link. The beauty of the sixties. Pg101 radioactive lights in the world tomorrow. Pocket size. Radiation is our friend. Your mutant kids will love it.

I have never read the electronic device problem illustrated, but I do remember seeing that the computer cover with the highlighted display is a tilted metal cabinet with indicator lights and a turntable. What memories to bring back.

If a few transistors are not bad, I will be shocked. Our filling technology is not the current one. A few years ago, a friend gave me a small bag of germanium transistors, and most of them were not good.

Prioritize replacement of paper capacitors. At the time they seemed to be a good idea, but they often failed. A few years ago, I was using Tek 310 and kept track of it. The correct ratio is 30%. Also replace the filter cover in the power supply.

Someone mentioned carbon resistors, but unless in high-voltage circuits, they will not drift too often. Pay attention at any time, but most of them are fine.

Tin whiskers in transistors are also possible.

Obviously, the "quick fix" for tin whiskers is to desolder the transistor, base, emitter, and collector together, and then take a charged capacitor and connect it to the case and the legs that are tied together. The blow will melt the whiskers, and the transistor may last for several years.

For TO-3, the situation is the collector, so you mean to tie the base and transmitter together.

Despite the wording of the article, from today’s perspective, this device is not a computer in any sense. It does not run the program, and even Turing finishes. It is a "computer concept demonstrator", especially a partially simplified arithmetic unit that can perform simple mathematical operations under manual control. Before the advent of the microprocessor, it was a common lie to call this device a "computer", but even Radio Shack sold a "computer kit," which was also a binary logic demonstrator.

It is also worth remembering that in the 1960s, the actual computer industry absorbed a large amount of early transistor production, and the products sold to hobbyists were usually products that failed the Q&A session (the output during the early manufacturing process was very bad) and " Good enough" for amateur use, but does not meet the specifications of industrial customers.

Literally, no one is confused by the terminology here. What is the significance of this comment?

So, like the actual electronic version of the paperclip "computer"?

It calculates numbers, so it is a computer.

Nowadays, what we call a "computer" does more than just calculate numbers. But somewhere in history, "computer" was renamed "calculator", and the "computer" we now know came into being.

There was a time when "computers" were human jobs, and they were proficient in mathematics, pen and paper and the like.

Without those guys and girls, NASA would not go to the moon!

Germanium transistors will deteriorate over time. They tend to get hot, which is of no avail. With age, many types will produce "tin whiskers". I have never seen a germanium transistor that still meets specifications for more than 30 years. When I found a completely effective method, I was actually very surprised.

Well, the problem is obviously that one should be flipped, but in fact it just failed.

After the restoration, the real challenge is to find useful things related to the thing, in addition to looking beautiful and collecting dust.

What a cool project! It must have been built by a wealthy engineer, because those transistors were very expensive at the time.

When repairing, I will take a look at the radio restorer to restore the radio to its original state and hide all replacement parts under the board (or possibly in the old capacitor). Antiqueradios.com will be the source of ideas.

If all other failures are related to passive components, then I will look at transistors. They can still be found, but they are expensive. Many modern transistor checkers cannot test them properly, and I found no NOS periodic replacement parts in the box. Germanium may be sensitive to temperature, but I am so sensitive to them that the gain drops every time I test them. European alternatives in the 1980s may be more reliable.

Take it out and put an Arduino

555 or 2 is sufficient. : P

Through this simple technique, your computer can be enhanced millions of times.

Can it be a binary translator? Does the EI article say nothing? (I don't have time to read it, just guess the name.)

Or battery...

I don't know if such a thing is the origin of accumulators with the names of special registers in modern CPUs and UC.

The counter configured as a binary counter fits the English definition of an accumulator very well.

Electronic illustration is here

Provided by my favorite search engine (hint: it’s not a

With G, that can’t be named).

This and it's a hint of the January 1960 issue resulted in:

The article is on page 84 (yes, they have a vintage table

content). For some reason, it is page 86 in the pdf.

Kids, learn to use search engines!

Page 84 (86 in PDF):

"Electronic Brain

Do you have any questions about electronics? send to

The electronic brain will provide the answer. "

> Kids, learn to use search engines!

Well, but obviously they shouldn't learn from you. :)

The article is on page 65 (67 in PDF).

The TRANSBINIAC guy is here. thanks for your support. If there is more time, I will update the project as soon as possible. Cliff Notes’s response to the comments in this article was that I replaced the original cover with an axial polyester film cover. The resistors I checked all met the specifications, and the transistors looked okay, although the leakage was more than I expected. Modern Components. stay tuned…

I tell you this is a good place :-)

Thank you for joining and sharing!

Do I remember seeing similar works between 1962 and 1964? In Ohio, businesses in the town got involved and let people come in and see what they did. There were no windows and there was nothing to see in the Bell Building in Ohio, but they let us in, and it was inside the door. This is a computer! Then you can look up, it should be the future.

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I need to reduce 312VDC to 12VDC and 65mA

40mA is used to provide the nominal current of the 12V Zener diode,

25mA can power CI (or base of low gain transistor... I have not decided yet)

How can this be done?

I only have 1/4W resistor and VCE transistor max 60V

The DC-DC converter cannot be used as a solution because, ironically, the circuit is used as a power source

Yesterday they were talking about mobile phone chargers. I released this charger solution, and I modified it to output 12V instead of 5V:

I don't understand the purpose of your project, can you explain it better?

At constant power (in this case, the maximum value is 1/4 W), the resistance increases with the square of the voltage. At high voltages, high resistance is required (for example, for 1/4 W and 300 V, you have 360kΩ)

.

When answering your question, connect several transistors in series so that the collector-emitter voltage (maximum 60 V) of each transistor supports 312 V input together. These transistors are then activated through the high resistance voltage divider through the base in the emitter follower configuration.

This is a bad type of voltage regulation, but it works! I suggest you try to adjust the value through computer simulation.

Hope this helps

I think q is 311V continuous and it is difficult to reduce it. The only way to reduce it is to use a large resistor (if the power consumption is constant). I think if you want to use 220v AC voltage to supply 12v 65mah power supply, it is more practical and easier than using capacitors and reactances to reduce the voltage. If you want to publish the model, I'm ready to prepare it here from that source (copy from the tablet).

Or make the switching source equal to 

suggested

I want to do two things:

One with PWM

Another linear adjustment

So I mentioned one for CI (555) and the other for transistor (MJE13003)

In the sketch I wrote, I circled the area where the thing I was asking about turned red. She is the bottleneck.

I like the idea of ​​using transistors to reduce the voltage from 60 to 60

But it will be a mess

As KeVTaG suggested, one of them will have a capacitor. The problem is to use Zener diodes to regulate all the current through the capacitor. So the transistor. The MJE13003 can handle 600V.

As shown in the picture, it will not be Darlington. But don't be Darlington, you need a 25mA reference current.

Why do you want such an uninsulated source?

As I imagined, it shocked the exit.

The first circuit is possible, you don't even need a transistor. To use a 1.5uF capacitor, just connect a 1W Zener tube with a 100R-1 / 4W resistor in series.

The second circuit does not work, all you can do is burn everything. It is completely impossible to use a transistor to reduce the PWM voltage to 300V.

Here, the schematic diagram of the plate q triggered the relay I copied. It is indeed very simple. There are 220 alternating currents and a voltage of 24V is left for the relay. I believe that changing the Zener diode to 12V does not require replacing the capacitor.

  I don’t know much about calculations, but I saw a 220k resistor in the source circuit of an industrial machine to reduce the voltage from 311V to 12 or 13v, which is another 100uF capacitor between UC3844 or UC3845 and Vcc and gnd powered by. UC. Then, when you turn on the power, the resistor will start at the UC38xx (or any other switching IC), and then this IC will generate PWM and power the rest of the board. But there is a defect where there is no connection on the board. Sometimes I just replaced the power capacitor of UC38xx, and then the card can work again. But with such configuration items, I find it easier.

When I needed to replace the relay with the 220V coil in the freezer, I used it there. At that time, I had several relays with 12V coils available, so I adopted this solution.

I don’t know much about calculations, but I see that 220k resistors in the power supply circuits of industrial machines are used to reduce the voltage from 311V to 12 or 13v to provide power for the UC3844

Or another 100uF capacitor between UC3845 and Vcc and UC gnd. Then, when you turn on the power, the resistor will start at the UC38xx (or any other switching IC), and then this IC will generate PWM and power the rest of the board. But there is a defect where there is no connection on the board. Sometimes I just replaced the power capacitor of UC38xx, and then the card can work again. But with such configuration items, I find it easier.

This CI type was developed for assembling switching power supplies, and it is very similar to the famous STR5XXX in TVs.

No escape, the call to them is the same.

As for advice to friends

There is no point in reinventing the wheel. Speaking of power supplies, we have switches, traditional switches with transformers and capacitors that are not recommended, because if the current is high and their efficiency is low, they have no insulation and waste energy.

Whether the resistance is suitable for a voltage above 30V, its heat dissipation is very large.

day!

I made a serious mistake before:

The red areas I want to circle

I know the things in the picture immediately become toast

Other components may not be in the final value. This is just a sketch

"It makes no sense to reinvent the wheel

This is what i want

, For many reasons:

Innovation/learning; using components I own (very popular); I don’t like transformers...

Sometimes I want to learn oscillators that use only passive components.

I think our master’s first number (mobile phone charger) will solve this problem.

But first I want to get these two types here

I stick to this design. I think this is very elegant. At least for now.

In fact, I want all the current allowed by the capacitor

According to my calculation, 1.5uF will produce an impedance of 1.7k OHM

220 / 1.7k = 130mA AC

That would burn the 100 OHM resistor, wouldn't it?

I think if there is no resistance, I will burn the Zener tube

So I thought of transistors. If my logic has any basis, just adjust it according to the basis.

I think the bonus will bring more income

Anyone who knows the Zener source of a transistor knows that the AC part does not need a capacitor (it will switch), but I insist on limiting the current this way and let the transistor be responsible for regulating the voltage

I want to solve the vibration problem, I will put the burden

FET

I just need to feed the driver decently

If I understand the data sheet correctly, it seems that UC38xx takes up 17mA at 30V

I think it can be used with 220k resistor

I'm a bit hungry on the 555 here: 25mA to 15V

But it’s been abandoned endlessly, because UC is far from where I can’t reach

The problem is to make 25mA at 12V

I only see 12V Zener regulator that can work 40mA

If there is no better solution to the problem raised, I will use series transistors.

But when I invented, I expected others

I

I’ve said it’s not good before:

that

The red area I want to circle

I know the things in the picture immediately become toast

well 

For my lime

1.5uF produces 1.7k OHM impedance

220 / 1.7k = 130mA

B.C.

I think if there is no resistance, I will burn the Zener tube

The bad thing is that because it is a series circuit, all the current consumed by the power supply cannot be used because part of the current is wasted in the capacitor. The larger the capacitor, the greater the current at the output and the greater the unused current.

As for the Zener diode does not burn, the circuit I made and used is a presence sensor. It has remained open and has existed for more than a year. 

I think

Bonuses bring more income

Those who know the transistor Zener source know

You need a capacitor on the AC part (it will switch), but I insist on limiting the current and let

The transistor is responsible for regulating the voltage

You are right about controlling the tension of the base. The bad thing is that the difference between input and output cannot be large, otherwise there will be no transistors to handle. Linear circuits have their limitations. 

I think to solve the shock problem,

I will burden

It cannot be resolved. 

Only the use of transformers can solve the problem of electric shock, which is why it appears in the most modern equipment. 

I am back with this project

But now I want to start from the most basic

(If it works, I will not appear on this forum)

Like the picture attached to this article, I did it on the prototype board, but:

1- Zener diode gets hot in a few seconds

2- Anode-cathode voltage is different from Zener voltage

Where is the mistake?

1- To avoid confusion, I did not represent the load at the exit. Also because it is variable

2-Colleague KeVTaG’s documents and drawings say that there is a resistor before the Zener diode, but I cannot wear it because it will burn out in addition to reducing the required current.

* 1.5uF is equal to 1700 ohms.

Divide 311V by that and get 170mA, which is what I need

Use 1W Zener diode and 100R resistor in series. 

In order not to interfere with the load, you can turn it on before the resistor. The voltage should be higher than 12V, but since the current is limited, there is no problem. If you want, you can use a lower voltage Zener diode, so the output voltage is 12V. 

Use 470uF/25V capacitors to filter AC power. 

Although the 170mA current is somewhat high for the Zener diode, a better solution is to use a transistor shunt regulator. 

Be your source. Make mistakes, adjust, learn, burn, "shock", etc. It is part of learning and evolution. Rear

Or less...

I bought the sagencom brand once. The circuit is simply an exception. FR4 board, double-sided, radiator, regulator, does not heat under load (d +), works loosely, has protection, and even has 2 (two!) optical couplers + protection. It is almost impossible to obtain this quality at this price. This is a good goal for counterfeiters.

Rear

of course can!

If I were to power sensitive circuits, I would not even use a less protected power supply

My situation is a bit different, because a power supply with a Zener source allows me to reach other voltages, and the plaque can be placed in a half-matchbox...

And... as you know... I study here

(I would rather be shocked than consume the number of components I want to burn)

-----------------

I tried it, Renato, but it was still hot.

I tried to change the resistor, change the Zener diode, change the position of the characters...

Either heating the Zener diode or heating the resistor.

I want to make another application with simple fonts of the same type. This time it is 50mA.

I put a 680nF capacitor in the AC

Only 50mA passes.

On the prototype board, I only put a Zener tube, no resistance, and it works very well. In parallel with the Zener diode, I placed a 22uF capacitor to keep it smooth.

However, two strange things happened: the Zener diode will degrade/damage (voltage loss) when I turn on and off.

I find it strange because 1: I was wrong, or a capacitor in parallel can prevent voltage spikes when opening and closing.

E 2: According to the data sheet, the Zener diode can support 250mA current, the highest peak value can reach 1A!

Another strange thing is that even with the same parts of the prototype board, the printed board does not even work. Zener was damaged immediately and did not heat up.

Observation 1: Zener diode is 1N4728A, 3V3

Obs. 2: I didn't say aloud there to avoid confusion, but I used 1N4007 in series with Zener to increase the voltage from 3V3 to 3V8. But I suspect this is the reason, because after I remove it from the printing plate, the Zener tube will reduce its quality...

Only a capacitor in series with the Zener diode is sufficient

. (Crossed out). It will generate a large current when it is switched on, and it will be even larger if a capacitor is added. It will use his V plus the network's V and try to push all Zener and aff...

Regarding the peak that the ceiling is trying to support: don't expect it. At zero time, electrolytic R can be much higher than network polyester. Who will hold it is the Zener.

Tip 1: If there is only 3v3, please put 1n400x in series. There can be six dozen in the matchbox. As a precaution, +1 to all

Tip2: Assemble, analyze, see how it works, have a brilliant moment, then give up everything and use the suggested font

however,

, Two strange things will happen: Zener will be degraded/damaged (voltage loss) when inserted and unplugged.

Putting a resistor in series with it again will destroy the voltage close to 3.8V.

If it continues to burn, please use a transistor shunt regulator:

In your case, you can eliminate R1 from the circuit. 

R2 can be 1K, and the transistor can be a BD139 or equivalent transistor. 

I saw in the picture a circuit that uses a 3.3uF capacitor.

. (Crossed out). Chain spikes when turned on

make sense.

I did not count on it

good idea

I just want to know the reason for using diodes with cathodes and anodes.

effective

But only 10 ohm resistor

(I think it is enough to reduce the peaking caused by the capacitor.

It is only suitable for low voltage Zener diodes (3V3, 3V6...) because they support large currents.

For Zener diodes like 12V, this is impossible because they can only withstand 70mA of current, and to build this current from 311V, there is only a 15k resistor (it becomes toast).

I took another step and did the step where the Zener adjusts the base of the transistor. At first it can also work, but it can only work with transistors that can handle 400V Vce, such as MJE13001, and I can take it out of the compact lamp.

R2 can be 1K, and the transistor can be a BD139 or equivalent transistor.

In my case, the problem is that if R2 is 1k, the current does not even flow through R2.

All the current flows to the base of the transistor and then to the emitter, burning everything on the way (this is what I experienced-enjoy BE and still 0.6V between BC)

But this is a very promising circuit.

Reasons for a diode with a cathode on the anode

Just to simulate a real Zener diode. There is a negative V above from...

Burn everything on the way (this is what happened to me

High tension... high "tension". This is another reason for this "idiot" to get rid of his head. Oh, please remember...

Positive diode with cathode

? ...Yes. Maybe this little fool in your circuit can prevent some -V from going out of range, which may be the cause of the damage.

it's me again!

Some of the above suggestions are effective, especially those with a capacitor before the rectifier bridge and a simple Zener diode at the output.

But they are not always effective, so I am still looking for a solution

 Elegant and more comprehensive.

I have attached a new suggestion.

Before leaving the burning component, I want to know if anyone sees any flaws in the proposal.

The image is an emulator.

-There are two diodes there to avoid any possibility of current flowing through the gate during the negative cycle. If someone assures me that this is overkill, I will drive them away.

-The emulator can charge 200uA through a 470k resistor, which is very suitable for the gate of the thyristor;

-The charging voltage of the red part is 13.5V, which exceeds the 13V Zener diode by a certain amount to activate the gate;

-The picture is only part of the source. of

Immediately after.

-The purpose of this circuit is to provide no more than 20 volts at the output (green in the image) so that I can use any CI under fine adjustment.

-

After the thyristor, I plan to place capacitors or inductors to keep all components constant (1000uF in the picture, green). I ask those who know SCR whether the DC current in the cathode will turn off the thyristor when the anode crosses zero.

I recommend:

-Don't reinvent the wheel. "Innovative" circuits for simulator operation and analysis by experts

This does not seem to be a very interesting idea. But, of course, there is room for everything. E.g. What I want to say is: your circuit does not work at all, completely inconsistent with the title suggestion, and the actual usage rate is almost zero.

-Search for the network circuit that serves you according to the suggested title

-There is nothing bad for your study. In fact, the opposite is true: we are here to contribute. However, if you don't mind, your circuit cannot be analyzed technically. Ok...at least

Practical point of view.

-Keep working hard, don't go for me

-...

Capacitance source.

You need a capacitor to limit the AC current to 70mA at the lowest possible voltage. Take 100Vac as an example.

When using a 100Vac power supply, a capacitor that limits the current to 70mA.

Then use 4 1N4007 diodes for rectification.

Filter with 1000uF capacitor

Use a Zener diode to limit the voltage to 12V.

You can even use two 1W Zen diodes in parallel to distribute power between them.

It is the most practical resource possible. 

Only 70mA current is consumed at 12V.

At 127Vac or 220Vac, it will not consume 70mA of current, because the reactive current of the capacitor is not counted as power.

Only the current in the resistor or regulator (dissipating 70mA at 12V in this case) is counted as power. 

If you want to make a version by reducing 312V to 12V directly from the linear regulator, the efficiency will be greatly reduced. It will dissipate more power. It easily passes 20 watts of dissipated power.

Using the capacitive power supply version, the power dissipation is even less than 1 watt 

Well, we have shown examples of such sources for six months. 

I just don't understand why friends 

Failed to make it work. 

I even use it to take advantage of the 24VDC contactor on the 120VAC network.

people,

People who use Zener can work (who read my article inadvertently will definitely see it in the first paragraph)

However, in addition to the current limit of the thyristor, the new proposal has no current limit (for this precise model, the current is 800mA, for more robust models, such as the BTA-42 general-purpose dimmer, the current is up to 40A).

Only those who do not understand SCR cannot see the absurd potential of the project: 

You can manufacture a small number of adjustable 40A power supplies. If we start to consider SCR in parallel, it is double or triple... the limit is imagination.

Yes, you can do it. But this is not reliable. 

They only use this circuit for original equipment such as temperature regulators. 

It is not even a good thing for the engine, because it will bring a pulse signal, which will bring noise and be harmful to the engine, thus shortening its service life. 

In electronic circuits, there is no alternative. Because you can't get pure direct current with so few parts, the final sauce is more expensive than pasta. 

However, there are insulation problems. If DC voltage is obtained from the grid, many circuits will become dangerous. 

What you want to do is a controlled rectifier.

But suppose you reduce the capacity from 40A of 220Vac to 12V DC?

You will only have 480 watts available, but 40 amps will be cycled on the network.

It will still be an uninsulated source.

In order to maintain acceptable variations in 12V, huge inductance and capacitance filters will be required. 

This will be more expensive than simply switching sources. 

It will become larger and less efficient. 

It will not be insulated. 

Your ideas are not new. 

I saw the video in a YouTube video, which was stabilized by a thyristor. Thyristor is the predecessor of SCR, it can be used for ionized gas in the tube. A thermal electronic valve.

It is a 120V DC power supply, which is stable. A lot of radio equipment.

Please note that this is the concept of valve time. Old and obsolete things. 

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A tool that no workbench can lack is

. Most of the instruments we find on the market are very expensive. In addition, we are

, In the best case. The instrument we are showing you today can measure equipment ranging from a few picofarads to a few farads. Its advantage is that it uses a

And no selection keys are needed. Find out the status

This will no longer be the privilege of only certain professionals. This article details all the step-by-step construction methods, would you miss it? only one

And a popular timer

You can use a capacitance meter in an afternoon's work. Its simple structure, ease of use, and most importantly, the accuracy of using common components will surprise you. You can see the 555 timer from the circuit

The most popular are products manufactured by Harris, Texas Instruments, Philips, Intersil and Thomson. The integrated circuit is basically the same as the ordinary NE555, the only difference is the manufacturing technology used. Benefits of using this type

It's him

(60uA) has been added to

(2%) and very low current requirements (20pA) for activation inputs (such as THRESHOLD, TRIGGER and RESET).

The instrument operation we provide you with today is based on 7555 operation

. To measure the capacitor, the microcontroller is responsible for managing the input

with

Correctly, once the multivibrator is triggered, it takes time

Still very high (

). As shown below,

(This is the capacitor under test) and Ra. Briefly reviewing the working mode of the monostable multivibrator, we can recall that

Will be loaded by

, Try to reach a load voltage equal to the power supply voltage of the circuit. In fact, this will never happen because the transistor connected to IC pin 7 will cause C to discharge when it reaches 2/3 of C.

.

In order to obtain the desired performance, the PIC will set a low state on pin 4, thereby

To the timer. Then it will shoot (

) Maintain the monostable state by making a very short transition from the high state to the low state, then returning and maintaining the high state until the next multivibrator trips. During the falling edge of the trigger pulse, 7555 will activate its count by changing the state of the counter.

Internal IC, can be charged

It is forced to GND potential by releasing the internal transistor. While shooting

, The internal transistor (pin 7) releases the capacitor (unknown value in our case) from a potential equal to GND and allows the component to be charged through the resistor

In our circuit, it will be the one selected for each range and will be determined by

. Choose a job to determine which "branch"

Will be responsible for charging the capacitor, PIC will be responsible for charging, it will depend on the result obtained as an output

The development of multivibrators. In other words: PIC starts a time accumulator, if it exceeds a certain number of counts, PIC will know that it is not a small capacitor (Farad peak scale), and will automatically switch to consume current through this capacitor. Represented as a resistor branch of nanofarad. If the output of the multivibrator remains high and the second counter in the microcontroller program also overflows, the PIC will automatically switch to the third range to charge the capacitor faster, which will obviously be in the microfarad Within range. Depending on the program executed, the overflow will occur in 9,999 units, and in order to facilitate the reading of the obtained results, the scale will be expressed as 1 to 999 picofarads, then 1.00 to 9.9 nanofarads, and 10 to 10 picofarads. 99 nano farads, repeat this display mode on micron and millifarad rulers.

The PIC continuously drives the multivibrator and "reads" the duration of the output pulse when the OUTPUT state changes.

(

,

appease

Ender

It's T).

This version of the circuit and its architecture is inspired by the very popular circuit released not long ago. In this case, what we have to do is to make full use of its outstanding characteristics and simplify the circuit into easy-to-understand, practical and useful components. In this way, we can see

This will be done by

, Multivibrator and

. As far as the fountain is concerned, due to the limited space in the selected cabinet and easy construction, we decided to adopt a split installation. (We use cabinets made of aluminum profiles obtained in the scrapyard).

see more

You can view the voting history in your profile

Very good Mario, I like it very much, I have thought of doing similar things, including coil gauges. One question is, is it cheaper to use the PIC internal comparator to make a relaxation oscillator?

Hello there!

I can't tell you if it can be done, but I think it can.

The problem (I think) will be that you will not be able to control the oscillator, and it will not be able to operate continuously under control. With 555, you can shoot at any time to achieve accurate timing. Otherwise, you should "catch" the beginning of the pulse to start the measurement.

Here, this moment can be managed at will.

Best wishes!

Ok, ok, I would like to know if you can use precision 555, what happened, I have bought everything, but 7555 is not available anywhere... I am from Venezuela

#7 Hello, Mario, I have carefully followed your project, and sincere congratulations to you, I successfully built the ESR meter

Now I plan to assemble a capacitive capacitance meter. Although I have just started using pic microcontrollers, I have many questions about this. One of them is: 16×2 LCD modules must also be programmed in advance? I cannot see that the LCD terminals in the picture are displayed very clearly, that is, I did not clearly identify all of its terminals. . Thank you for your help, because I hope to install this excellent tool on the workbench, if possible, great. Thank you for your cooperation. ..Goodbye.

#1 Greetings are what I have been looking for

This will be the reason why you can pass the material list to me. When adding an image, the name will be lost and cannot be read, and the same will happen to the schematic

Very good, very useful, can't you put the code in C or basic pictures? This will be quite convincing.

Excellent Mario, very good article.

If one day you plan to publish something about the oscilloscope, I will read it very enthusiastically.

So far, there are no plans, but I would love to write an article discussing how to use low resources to make an elemental spectrum analyzer. Maybe I will soon. This is a video I made with the analyzer.

Don't stop visiting us.

Cheers!

Good morning Mario:

I found this article great. This measuring device is very useful. The fact is that I do need it. I also tell you that I have never seen this 7555 before. I have always used the traditional 555, but I will look for it and Learn more.

I want to ask if you can upload the .bas file to use with Proton, or you can provide yourself some code guidelines to continue working wisely and then follow the programming, programming and programming knowledge. At least on the LCD monitor, we handled it well, which will be the logic of the measurement.

Thank you very much not to forget the fans of microcontrollers, we have missed these wonderful articles. I also tell you that because I can't find the STCN75 sensor, I have slowed down the I2C-processed thermometer project. Until today, I could not find a TMP100 sensor with the same characteristics with a bus. On-site I2C, although the size is small, the specific surface resistance is small, hehehe, when I buy it, I can hardly see it, I will do it, and I will tell you how it works.

Greetings from Colombia

Hello Yesbond!

You must order it as "555 CMOS version", or also known as 7555. It is an updated version of the traditional 555 (and CMOS).

Regarding TMP100, I want to use it, but I don't have enough time. I think by following the instructions in the STCN75 article, you will have no problem.

Have you asked me about mariogsacco (at gmailpuntocom)

Thank you very much for your trust, I will definitely write to you, although as you have taught, this will be the last choice.

embrace

To be clear, now is a question: why do they always use Pics and never use Motorola or FreeScale series products? Simple and inexpensive products such as jk1 will definitely suit hair.

salute!

Hello Victor

The answer is... because I don’t know how to use others

I think it is possible through what you said or some economic Atmel, but my world ended in PIC friends.

Very very good, I congratulate you, this is the best I have seen on the Internet, I will do this without a doubt, but what is its maximum measurement range? So, what is the largest capacitor you can measure?

Hi Leo!

I have a "can" of 90,000 microfarads (90 millifarads) and I usually take measurements. It took a long time (or longer), but he took the measurement without problems. That is my biggest exercise.

Hello there,

superior. And source code?

Cheers,

Wow! Great, it's much better than I thought, very good, and there is no doubt that I will arm it with great desire. Thank you so much capooooooooooo!!!!!!!

The only thing I need to do is to build an impedance meter (z) and a high range inductance meter (h) in the coil.

If you work together for us, that would be great.

superior! ! !

Theory of operation, surprisingly can be inferred to other things ^ _ ^

Mario, as always, ranks 10th in your project app, here we are looking for your notes, although working hours are a bit late, I always spend a few minutes to understand what is new... Congratulations . . . A Mexican from Arequipa, Peru.

Very good Mario! Bamboo

Ok, ok, it seems great to me,,, today I bought everything together, but in Venezuela I encountered a big problem, I can’t get 7555 or any equivalent product... Only 555 precision, I want to know whether it is effective or whether the program code needs to be modified... Thank you very much for your answer

Hello, cheotrix!

A great way to call me in the previous article... :))

It must be precision 555. This feature appears in this article because it is a feature we use, but you can place the obtained feature. The requirement is the accuracy of obtaining correct readings over the entire measurement range.

In any case, even if you use generic code, you don’t need to change anything in the code. A special algorithm must be created for each situation, which is practically impossible.

Thank you very much for your answers, and thank you for your compliments... Then, I will assemble the capacitive capacitance meter... I hope there is no problem with my LCD monitor, thank you very much, and I will know of any other designs you post

Regards Mario. I am from Venezuela and I tell you that I have assembled but the measurement results are not satisfactory. The meter spends a long time in demo messages and calibration (it's fast in the video), and the reading can't even get close to the actual level (can't be adjusted). I do not know what I did wrong. I am using all the components and the same table you indicated in the assembly. I told cheotrix in Venezuela that 7555 is in log Caracas form, but now they are on vacation. Thanks for everything.

Hi Will!

What you told me is really strange. The speed of my video is normal, so your situation should be the same.

Let's review:

Are you using 20Mhz crystals?

Are you using 16F628A that can run at this speed?

Is the power supply voltage correct at 5 volts?

Does the potentiometer rotate multiple times as shown in the picture?

Do you use the HEX file at the end of the text?

Have you confused the position of the potentiometer on the board?

Is the pin of transistor T1 in the correct position?

If all these are properly controlled and correct, we will look for other alternatives, friends. Don't worry, the circuit works very well. There may be some small errors, it has now disappeared, but we will find out.

Greetings and congratulations!

Hi Mario, I tell you I still have problems. Follow the delay in the demo:

25 seconds before the speech

55 s during demonstration

20 s for zero adjustment and 5 s for the first reading. I supply 5V to the circuit from the PC power supply. The crystal is 20 Mhz and the image is 16F628A (this is the only crystal), and I am recording it with Winpic800. When saving the Pic, can you tell me the configuration parameters. I put a C = 47 uF, the maximum reading I can read is 5 uF. Thank you

Do me a favor, I have completed the assembly of the circuit, I need to pass it to the PCB, but everything is fine from there, I haven't encountered any problems, but I want to know how it works (the program of the picture ), because it is fun, it urges me to help me a lot in school

Thanks in advance for your help

Regards Mario. solved the problem. It works well and has a little flexibility for extremely low values, but it works very well. Thank you

Hello, Mario, excellent article, I am a huge fan of NeoTeo, which makes me a very professional page, they know what they are talking about, and when I enter, I can’t stop reading the excellent articles they published Articles, especially if you are fascinated by me, I have read almost every one.

Regarding this article, I have only one question: the fact is that the location of these components on the PCB is not very clear. Wouldn't you find components with traces and tops on the PCB to know exactly where they are going? Thanks, greetings from Mexico

How useful is your article, but I doubt I have anything to tell me, but what should I do if the voltage is 4.2 to 3.5 volts? Tell me YAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA or when.

Hi Mario, you can activate or deactivate the PIC's PWM module by configuring the pins as outputs/inputs (previous frequency and initial configuration), you have a comparator and a frequency generator, you can save 555 Greetings

Hi, Mario.... I congratulate you.. This is an outstanding contribution, I will set myself the task of building it.. Hope it will be useful to me, thank you

I built it and it works 100%!

your good friend! Your article is very good. I haven't assembled the circuit yet, but will interact with it later. I am new to PIC and I am learning to program... If you can publish the file in .BASS to see how the picture works and the commands used, I would appreciate it. Thanks in advance.

Mario tells me what to do, where is the bill of materials, how do I know how the part works on the schematic PCB, am I missing something?

Or you just need to follow the schematic and put it in the program

And I have to do PCB and everything else?

I want to get an impression first. On which website can I get an impression?

This is where I live may become difficult.

Great project.

But, is there any list or package in which we can see the relationship of all components, or do we only need to display the image to understand everything?

How do you request a list of components and their position in the circuit above.

Thank you

Hello, my user name is invalid because I need to measure surface capacitors, so I am very interested in your project. I am on the breadboard for the time being. It works well, but I burned Bakura (I’m in Eagle Created a circuit in ), when I tried it, I encountered several problems, the first problem is that it can only work using 4 Mhz or 10 Mhz crystals or the second thing that works from there is that it measured It’s nanometers and micrometers, not peaks. It always sends me a 1nF signal on the screen, but when I touch it, it doesn’t send me a 0pF signal. Sometimes it changes and gives unstable values. Another thing is that I know that the zero value still needs to be adjusted and passed, because you have to touch the resistor to enter the measurement, and finally it stays still or freezes after measuring the microfarad. I need your help, my email is

Thank you

Congratulations, Mario. As always, you can embroider! I have installed the breadboard, although it took me some time, because in the end I misplaced the T1 A1015, and I have verified that it works. I measured 15 picofarads to 400 millifaras. It works perfectly!

For the final assembly, I will use a printing plate made due to the type of printing plate you printed. But I found that there are two electrolytic capacitors in the board photos of the components. In this picture, I also see two, but if one of them is outside the board (along with the regulator), we will only have the other 10 microfarads for the printed circuit board. So, in the photo, what is the foreground of PIC 16F628 and the second electrolytic capacitor that appeared before?

thanks for all you have done. You are a genius

I already have a circuit board with assembled and soldered components. After corresponding rectification and resolution, I finally managed to make it work, although not completely.

For Pico and Nano Farads, it works perfectly. Trace and millifaraday are not.

I even set the 220 ohm potentiometer P4 to zero, and even reduced the associated resistance R6 from 100 ohms to 27 ohms, which is at least 50% higher than my actual capacity (I have tested it with many capacitors.

Can anyone give me some ideas about failure?

Thank you very much foreros!

I have assembled it and it works well. Thank you very much, Mario. I will follow your other montage montages. This is one of my favorite devices.

Thanks again and greetings to all members.

Gerardo

Congratulations to Mario for making such an outstanding contribution. I have done it and it worked very well. Likewise, I congratulate those who dared to put it together and those who have not yet completed it, and then cheer up because it is very useful for work in the electronics field. wish everyone

Well, Mario, first of all, I have been a follower of your project for a long time, and I found an extension of knowledge and working tools in it.

Let me tell you that in the past few days, I have started searching for the 7555 camouflage heart of this project. This is the moment I couldn't find after nearly 2 weeks of searching. This is why I dare not write to ask what possible alternatives exist.

Similarly, I want to know if anyone in Colombia has completed the assembly and where can I get the parts?

thank you very much

Hello, my friend Sebastian (Sebastian) I am also you in Colombia. You can get generic or original components through sigma and get a good appreciation. You can search for Colombian sigma electronics in Google, enter the page, and find the components in it The catalog and warehouse address of the company's sales can also be-

Hello how are you!

If someone has already used the same PCB as proposed by Mario for assembly, you can contact me in the following ways

; I have installed it, but it does not work for me. Someone from the community is helping me, I made a video to show him how it works,

So you can understand the problems he is currently experiencing.

Thank you for your valuable help!

Thank you Mario, I will test how it works, I am a novice, but we will try our best to complete it.

Hello, I would like to know if anyone can send me a list of the components needed to assemble the capacitor. I am new to electronics and do not understand all the components of the schematic.

Thank you.

A few days ago, I completed the assembly of a picture recorder that worked well!

Hello, sorry, what is the highest measuring range of this capacitance meter? Because I have one, it is indeed very accurate. But its maximum range is 20 millifarads. Now I have a big problem. I have a device that uses a set of capacitors, each of which is 70 millifaras.. I know they can be connected in series, but I have to connect four in series Know if its condition is good.. 1 / c = (1 / c1) + (1 / c2) + (1 / c3) + (1 / c4), the number is because if I put two, it will be 35, And it will still happen. . If anyone knows how to improve the ranking, please help me.. Thank you, good day..

Hi Mario, I want to know if it is possible to check the capacity of a capacitor with this capacitance meter without having to take it out of the circuit.

thank you very much.

I want to know the list of materials and more specific installation methods, I am a beginner, thank you

Mr. Marco Antonio’s cordial and extensive greetings, congratulations to 1001 for such a beautiful project. The fact is, I’m a beginner, and I want to ask you if you are very modest, or if anyone guides the components on the plate, Congratulations to Neoteo and all the outstanding people who accompanied us through these places. Thank you in advance.

Greetings to all forums: For AUTO RANGE TRAINER, my question is

I made the PCB like in the picture, but it doesn’t work. I don’t know why

Because the IC is LM555, I cannot get 7555, and there is no signal on pin (3)

555, DIPLEY worked for me, because its results are as follows: Digital Capacimeter / Neo Teo / Adj-

Zero C = 0pF, there may be some modifications in the circuit, maybe

Problem I have no signal on LM555.

thank you very much for your help.

My mail: Carloscordov@hotmail.com

From Ambato ECUADOR.

Hello, I want to ask you a question. The capacitor started well and it welcomed me, but then got stuck in the zero setting and didn't jump to C=0. What could be the problem?

PS: The page is very good, thank you very much for your project.

Where can I download the picture consulting software

Please check how many millimeters you have made

I want to know the size of printing it out and using the flat plate method to make the PCB

Hello, don’t you provide us with assembly drawings and component lists for mortals? Thank you very much salu2

I want to know the source code of the ASM capacitance analyzer. Just look at how it is done and make some personal modifications.

I think these items are the best, I want to know how to record pic 16f628a, or if it melts, because everything else is easy to get, so congratulations on such an excellent project

I’m no stranger to this, and I really want to apply the knowledge gained to people like you who took the time to provide us with such a good tool. Congratulations to Mario for his excellent work

Okay, I have a question about the capacitive capacitance meter. Which email can I clarify or send my doubt to....... I will be very grateful.

Hello, this project is very good, I put it together, but there is a problem, the display I get is 16×1, and because the first 8 frames are displayed in contrast but no text is displayed, it seems that this hexadecimal cannot be used system. Thank you

Very good capacitance meter mario.

You can compare and research asm.

Thank you..

Hi Mario, if you can, I will leave you an email and pass the .asm to me,

Thank you..

Out of all due respect, I have seen this circuit and the people who always try to do it don't work, it's not because you keep something in the circuit so that it doesn't work.

Thank you, if so, it is because you better designed the pressure of the kit and solved the problem.

I already have a 16×2 display. The problem now is that it gives people a welcome, but it has been adjusted to zero, and it will not happen from then on.

Hello, I would like to ask you how to solve this problem, this does not start from zero adjustment, thank you, regards

Hello, sorry, but I don’t know what ASM is, I don’t know what I am doing because it starts up and insists on adjusting zero, it hasn’t happened since then, I have tried another picture, but no attempt, There is no problem with the hex file on the page? . Cheers

The capacitance meter did not work, I did all the tests, but it remained in the zeroing state, and nothing happened from there, the simulation of the deformed protein gave a hexadecimal failure???????????? ?????????, if someone does and he is gone, can you help me? Thank you.

Can someone pass me the list of materials and PCB? thank you for your help

Finally gone, the diode has a bad soldier, thank you very much...

Everything is on the page, which is good

OláMario...eu so so do Brasil. Simulei or circuit is not Proteus, it works very well and the physical structure also works.

You want to view the source code of the program to find the exact details of the two Pifarahs. Can't you send emails?

Very tossing.

Hi Mario, I am a novice in the forum, I want to know if it is possible to enter the same program as in Figure 16f84a. If it is not possible to enter, can you pass me .hex so that it will work in 16f84a? I hope you can, because it is difficult to get 16f624a from where I come from, I have checked the datasheet, even though I don’t know if it is possible to just input the file uploaded to my pic 16f84a to work properly because I see it brings I don’t have an analog input function, I hope you will reply as soon as possible

Thanks for greetings from Campeche, Mexico =)

If you want to send me the code, I would be very grateful, I have pic c ccs, I want to change it for my pic 16f84a, or send me a .hex file, but for my 16f84a, I hope you don’t have to modify the header file =) Regards

of course

Hi, I’m Marcelo from Buenos Aires, Argentina. This article is very good and I am very impressed. I will do my best to put it together. Thank you very much. This is my first visit to this page.

And where do you get the pic .HEX file?

The project is very good, I gave it a 10, which made it difficult for me to figure out the location of these components, but once I tried it, it was really great, I need to put it in the cabinet and do some testing, but this Great.

Hi Mario, thank you very much for sharing this excellent capacitor project with us, I have assembled it and it works well. My only problem is the measurement of low-capacity capacitors (less than 100pF), which gives me lower values ​​than actual capacitors.

If there are not too many questions to ask, can you post annotated .asm and hex with a low battery indicator? Or encourage people with picture programming knowledge to do so.

Cheers

I have done this excellent project, it is perfect for me, congratulations

The tester is very efficient, because it can test all capacitors, I congratulate you, and thank you for your contribution and your guidance, and hope you can introduce more test equipment.

thank you very much

Hello in the entire community of the neoteo forum, I am a newbie to this forum, and I would like to extend my sincerest greetings to everyone who composes this forum.

I have been working on this digital capacitance meter project, and I like it very much, so I decided to install it immediately, but since I am a novice, I don't know how to download the diagram and the necessary conditions to build it.

Can someone help me solve the problem of downloading the schematic diagram and programming code of the picture?

I thank everyone in advance for your help.

Sincere regards

#84 Hello, take a look at the image of the circuit, right-click, you will see a pop-up menu where you can select SAVE IMAGE AS or something similar, and then select the location to save, and it has been saved on the PC On the PC, I saved it but when printing, they did not give me the size of the component.

Then use the free ICPROG program to open it from the cap.hex file, and use the serial programmer to load it into the picture. I have any questions about my email:

Hello friends, I am very grateful for this project and its very useful .hex file for me. The most incredible thing is the automatic calibration. I really congratulate you. Although my size is large, I redesigned it. PCB, but the important thing for me is the function. thank you very much

Hi Carlos, thank you for your answer, so I have already done it, what I will do is to redesign the circuit with deformation or eagle, which are the best two simulators so far.

Kind regards from Seville to Carlos and the entire forum community

Very good, I think the parts list is missing, but it is great because I have never used a capacitor, but with this capacitor, I already have one

I will make it, and I will no longer worry about the quality of the capacitor. Greetings from Mexico.

This project is great! Congratulations! If you can attach the source code in ASM, BASIC or CCS, that would be great!

Hello there! ! ! Can you share project code? Read and understand the functions of PIC. thank you very much! ! !

I found that the tester is very easy to assemble and very good. I just want to use the prototype to make the board. Thank you and congratulations

I congratulate you Mario for a good project, if you provide the source code, that would be great.

General query, what are blue square components, do they have three pins soldered to the board and one output? They are next to ceramic capacitors and some resistors. How do you know, what is its function?

Thank you very much from already

good afternoon! The image of the schematic circuit is missing. Does anyone have it? ? ?

Thank you for your great contribution!

Cheers

Compile the component list of the tester.

Regards pita_123

Okay, please forgive me, but what about the microprocessor program? Because I don't know what programming is like. thanks for your help. Thank you.

I made a capacitor and it worked fine except for one problem. In the welcome message, the "i" in the capacitor is displayed as a small "o". With different microcontrollers and displays, the same thing will happen. Are there errors in the microcontroller code? Does anyone else have this problem? Too bad, Mario did not release the code for verification.

The data collector says that the precision timer is assembled with the ordinary NE555P and can run perfectly on all scales. The stability and measurement accuracy of the device are incredible. Thank you Mario, your contribution is very good.

Good afternoon, what is the value of resistor R5. I hope to get a reply soon, thank you very much..

Good afternoon, Mario, thank you very much for sharing this great project, I want to know if you can share the file in order to print the pcb, because when I try to print the image like this, its size exceeds my electronics Email address:

, I really need your help. Given the current status of COVID-19, it is very difficult to acquire a factory.

Good afternoon, the capacitance meter is very good, but where is the microprogram? I didn't see it. Another question is how to change this design to place pic16f877.

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